Europe is trading security for digital sovereignty | CyberScoop<\/title> <meta name=\"description\" content=\"A proposed EU cybersecurity regulation would isolate Europe from the global cybersecurity industry with unpredictable consequences.\"> <link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/europe-cybersecurity-digital-sovereignty\/\"> <meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\"> <meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\"> <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Europe is trading security for digital sovereignty\"> <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A proposed EU cybersecurity regulation would isolate Europe from the global cybersecurity industry with unpredictable consequences.\"> <meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/europe-cybersecurity-digital-sovereignty\/\"> <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CyberScoop\"> <meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-06T21:47:40+00:00\"> <meta property=\"og:image\" 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class=\"post-template-default single single-post postid-77926 single-format-standard\" id=\"readabilityBody\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/europe-cybersecurity-digital-sovereignty\/#main\" class=\"skip-to-content-link visually-hidden-focusable\">Skip to main content<\/a> <\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--top ad--top-desktop\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p> <main id=\"main\" role=\"main\" tabindex=\"-1\"> <\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--top ad--top-mobile\">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"stickybar\" class=\"stickybar stickybar--newsletter js-stickybar\" readability=\"0.82\"> <button class=\"stickybar__close js-stickybar-close\" aria-controls=\"stickybar\"> <svg class=\"icon icon--close\" width=\"21\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 21 22\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"m.822.518-.805.805L9.695 11 .017 20.678l.805.805 9.678-9.678 9.677 9.678.806-.805L11.305 11l9.678-9.677-.806-.805-9.677 9.677L.822.518Z\" fill=\"currentColor\" \/><\/svg> <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Close<\/span> <\/button> <\/section>\n<article class=\"single-article content\">\n<div class=\"single-article__container js-single-article-content\">\n<header class=\"single-article__header \" readability=\"25.30422125182\">\n<div class=\"single-article__header-content\" readability=\"28.646808510638\">\n<ul class=\"single-article__eyebrow\">\n<li class=\"single-article__category\"> <a class=\"single-article__category-link\" href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/news\/commentary\/\"> <span>Commentary<\/span> <\/a> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> A proposed EU cybersecurity regulation would isolate Europe from the global cybersecurity industry with unpredictable consequences. <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"single-article__cover-wrap\">\n<figure class=\"single-article__cover\"> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty.jpg?resize=640%2C428&ssl=1\" class=\"single-article__cover-image wp-post-image\" alt decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=300,201 300w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=768,514 768w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=1024,685 1024w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=1536,1027 1536w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=600,401 600w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=251,168 251w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=504,337 504w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=1009,675 1009w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty-1.jpg?resize=1261,843 1261w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1009px) 100vw, 1009px\"><figcaption> A member of the Peoples Armed Police stands guard in front of the flag of the European Union at the European Delegation before a press conference by European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen on April 6, 2023 in Beijing, China. Von Der Leyen is on a two-day official visit to China and earlier in the day met with Chinese President Xi Jinping, Premier Li Qiang and other senior Chinese government officials (Photo by Kevin Frayer\/Getty Images) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"single-article__content\">\n<div class=\"single-article__content-inner has-drop-cap\"> <html readability=\"75.682228584012\"><body readability=\"151.90688662533\"><\/p>\n<p>In a few months, things in Brussels will go quiet. From February onwards, Europe\u2019s institutional hub will go into election mode for a brand new European Parliament. As time is running out, Thierry Breton, the European commissioner focused on digital issues, is working hard to push forward outstanding policy proposals.<\/p>\n<p>One of these proposals is the <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/newsroom\/cipr\/items\/713799\/en\">EU Cybersecurity Certification Scheme for Cloud Services (EUCS)<\/a>, a shameless attempt by the European Commission to impose strict sovereignty requirements on the internet. It is a voluntary scheme, designed by Europe\u2019s cybersecurity agency, ENISA, that European companies would use to demonstrate the robustness of their privacy and security measures.<\/p>\n<p>The certification scheme\u2019s main objective is to increase trust and security in products and services. According to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enisa.europa.eu\/publications\/eucs-cloud-service-scheme\">ENISA<\/a>, the scheme \u201caims at improving the Internal Market conditions, and at enhancing the level of security of a wide range of cloud services.\u201d As in the rest of the world, Europe has struggled in recent years with widespread cyberattacks and a growing number of security vulnerabilities. With this scheme, the European Commission aims to create an EU-wide framework for cybersecurity certificates, with the intention of countering fragmentation among member states, facilitating trade and improving understanding of security features. Currently, the scheme is voluntary, but some observers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/cybersecurity\/news\/eu-cloud-certification-headed-for-tiered-approach-on-sovereignty-criteria\/\">fear it will become mandatory<\/a> at some point in the future.<\/p>\n<p>Notwithstanding the need for a more comprehensive cybersecurity regime in Europe, the Commission is looking at this the wrong way, with potentially unpredictable consequences. The inclusion of strict sovereignty and data localization requirements in the legislation means that non-European companies would be disqualified from participating in the scheme. According to a May 2023 leaked <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/eu-draft-rules-propose-tougher-cybersecurity-labelling-rules-amazon-google-2023-05-09\/#:~:text=%22Certified%20cloud%20services%20are%20operated,values%2C%22%20the%20document%20said.\">draft<\/a>, sovereignty requirements are necessary to \u201cprovide guarantees about the independence from non-EU law\u201d and, to this end, the highest level of security assurance will be issued for cloud services \u201coperated only by companies in the EU, with no entity outside of the EU having effective control over CSP [cloud service provider], to mitigate the risk of non-EU interfering powers undermining EU regulations, norms and values\u201d.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Simply put, such a requirement would make it impossible for non-EU headquartered companies or EU companies with international investments and operations to function at the highest levels of EU cybersecurity and cloud environments, limiting competition in the cloud market significantly in favor of a European cloud industry that is yet to be fully formed. Of course, there is nothing wrong with Europe wanting to boost its own cloud market, but shutting itself off from competition and the global cybersecurity industry is, at best, misguided.<\/p>\n<p>The wide-ranging effects of this policy will be felt across the entire cybersecurity ecosystem, including on European companies, such as subcontractors, involved in cloud service deliveries. The policy would effectively limit their ability to develop their services, not allowing them to compete globally. Additionally, the EU will be breaking its World Trade Organization commitments, further undermining global trade. Under the WTO\u2019s General Agreement on Trade in Services, Europe has committed to market access obligations as well as not discriminating between foreign and domestic suppliers of computer and related services, which would include cloud services.<\/p>\n<p>This move from the European Commission is not out of character. Outside China, Europe is the strongest proponent of the idea of \u201cdigital sovereignty\u201d and much of its recent legislation is driven by this concept. EU member states are keen on referring to digital sovereignty, but the fact that they have not bothered to come to a <a href=\"https:\/\/dfrlab.org\/2023\/05\/22\/the-complexity-of-europes-digital-sovereignty-agenda-explained\/\">common understanding over its scope<\/a>, gives the European Commission room for wide interpretation of this idea.<\/p>\n<p>In much of its regulation, the European Commission has adopted a French approach based on heavy regulatory interventions, data protection, governing the flow of data outside of Europe and the securitization of digital and telecommunication infrastructures. This is consistent with the thinking behind EUCS, which is largely based on how France views cloud security. Two years ago, the French government outlined its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onetrust.com\/blog\/french-government-announce-national-strategy-for-cloud-technology\/\">strategy<\/a> for the use of cloud technology to protect personal data, following increased concerns over the access non-EU technology companies <a href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/eu-dsa-american-tech-firms\/\">had to data belonging to EU citizens<\/a>. According to the strategy, only European companies would be able to operate as cloud service providers in France, with limited ability to transfer data to third countries. The similarity in the vision of EUCS is striking.<\/p>\n<p>EU member states are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/cybersecurity\/news\/eu-countries-seek-way-out-of-impasse-on-sovereignty-requirements-for-cloud-services\/\">split<\/a> on the EUCS scheme\u2019s sovereignty requirements. Countries like the Netherlands and Greece see them as limitations that could, potentially, create more vulnerabilities and cybersecurity gaps. France and Spain, meanwhile, support the European Commission\u2019s vision. Breton has been a proponent of the French view of digital regulations, and as with other dossiers he oversees, such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/verfassungsblog.de\/internet-collapse-europe\/\">network fees policy proposal<\/a>, he has sought to boost Europe\u2019s digital future by shutting it away from the rest of the world. He has shown a concerning lack of understanding about fundamental aspects of the internet and how it works. He does it again with the EUCS.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Those who have built, sustained and advanced the internet understand that collaboration sits at the heart of its evolution. It is not an accident that most of the internet\u2019s problems get resolved by communities that foster and encourage global collaboration, bodies like the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) or the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Security provides a good example. Security was not part of the internet\u2019s original design. We may now see this as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/sf\/business\/2015\/05\/30\/net-of-insecurity-part-1\/\">flaw<\/a>, but back then the idea that users could destroy the system was not conceivable. This flaw, however, has also created the conditions under which experts have been coming together to address successfully and consistently security and other vulnerabilities.<\/p>\n<p>The fact that the internet is decentralized and uses building blocks works to the advantage of being able to address issues locally and as they happen without compromising the entire network. When a security issue emerges, engineers from around the world coalesce to address it, which is exactly what they did after the Snowden revelations on mass surveillance. The IETF community responded swiftly through a series of formal and informal meetings, workshops, mailing lists and best practice documents, all of which led to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ietf.org\/archive\/id\/draft-farrell-tenyearsafter-00.html\">adoption of enhanced security standards<\/a>, including an updated version of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, which is the primary means of protecting network communications over the Internet. This was achieved by the collective effort of engineers, businesses and governments around the world. It could not happen otherwise.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThroughout the history of the Internet, collaboration among participants and shared responsibility for its smooth operation, have been two of the pillars supporting the Internet\u2019s tremendous growth and success, as well as its security and resilience,\u201d the network operators behind Mutually Agreed Norms for Routing Security, another collaborative effort to address online security issues, wrote in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.manrs.org\/about\/draft1\/\">a 2014 manifesto<\/a>. \u201cTechnology solutions are an essential element here, but technology alone is not sufficient. In order to stimulate visible improvements in this area a greater change towards the culture of collective responsibility is needed.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Against this backdrop, European policymakers are trying to take unilateral actions to shape security policy. ENISA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enisa.europa.eu\/topics\/certification\/from-candidate-to-certification-scheme\">has pushed for<\/a> the EUCS to be an implementing act, a process that allows the Commission to pass binding rules while limiting the scrutiny from the European Parliament and the Council. This would leave the Commission and ENISA alone to make decisions about the cybersecurity landscape in Europe, which has already <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/cybersecurity\/news\/eu-parliament-set-to-request-involvement-in-cybersecurity-certification-schemes\/\">raised<\/a> concerns in the European Parliament. Rightly so. If the scheme proceeds as is, then forget global cooperation: The EU will need to provide solutions to its own security problems and set its own standards. By that time, things are likely to get very complicated, as those standards will not necessarily interoperate with global security standards. Europe will become isolated and more vulnerable.<\/p>\n<p>Europe is at a point where it must seriously rethink how it wants to participate in the internet ecosystem overall and to address more narrow cybersecurity concerns. There are ways for Europe to be digitally independent, but this will not come about from imposing unnecessary and protectionist rules.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>Konstantinos Komaitis is a non-resident fellow at the DFRLab at The Atlantic Council and a non-resident fellow and senior researcher at The Lisbon Council.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/body> <\/p>\n<footer class=\"single-article__footer\">\n<div class=\"single-article__tags-container\">\n<h4 class=\"single-article__tags-title\">In This Story<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/footer>\n<p> <\/html><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"single-article__ads js-single-article-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"ad ad--sidebar js-single-article-sidebar-5 ad--rightrail_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ad ad--sidebar js-single-article-sidebar-4 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{"id":1998,"date":"2023-11-06T21:47:40","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T21:47:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/?p=77926"},"modified":"2023-11-06T21:47:40","modified_gmt":"2023-11-06T21:47:40","slug":"europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/index.php\/2023\/11\/06\/europe-is-trading-security-for-digital-sovereignty\/","title":{"rendered":"Europe is trading security for digital sovereignty"},"content":{"rendered":"