After UN adoption, controversial cybercrime treaty\u2019s next steps could prove vital | CyberScoop<\/title> <link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital\/\"> <meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\"> <meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\"> <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"After UN adoption, controversial cybercrime treaty\u2019s next steps could prove vital\"> <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Forty nations have to ratify the treaty for it to enter into force, and they have some leeway on how to implement it.\"> <meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital\/\"> <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CyberScoop\"> <meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-12-31T18:04:52+00:00\"> <meta property=\"article:modified_time\" 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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"stickybar\" class=\"stickybar stickybar--event js-stickybar\">\n<div class=\"stickybar__details\" readability=\"5.12\">\n<div class=\"stickybar__info js-sticky-bar-content\" readability=\"32\">\n<p>Nominations can be submitted for the 2025 CyberScoop 50 awards!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p> <a class=\"stickybar__link button button-tertiary\" href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/cyberscoop50\/\">Click here!<\/a> <\/div>\n<p> <button class=\"stickybar__close js-stickybar-close\" aria-controls=\"stickybar\"> <svg class=\"icon icon--close\" width=\"21\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 21 22\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"m.822.518-.805.805L9.695 11 .017 20.678l.805.805 9.678-9.678 9.677 9.678.806-.805L11.305 11l9.678-9.677-.806-.805-9.677 9.677L.822.518Z\" fill=\"currentColor\" \/><\/svg> <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Close<\/span> <\/button> <\/section>\n<article class=\"single-article content\">\n<div class=\"single-article__container js-single-article-content\">\n<header class=\"single-article__header \" readability=\"25.738317757009\">\n<div class=\"single-article__header-content\" readability=\"35.140703517588\">\n<ul class=\"single-article__eyebrow\">\n<li class=\"single-article__category\"> <a class=\"single-article__category-link\" href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital\/\"> <span>Cybercrime<\/span> <\/a> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Forty nations have to ratify the treaty for it to enter into force, and they have some leeway on how to implement it. <\/p>\n<p>  <br \/>\n<audio id=\"audio-player\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-tts-cdn.api.scpnewsgrp.com\/cyberscoop\/83012\/english.openai.mp3\"><\/audio> <\/p>\n<div readability=\"11\">\n<div>\n<p>Listen to this article<\/p>\n<p>  <\/p>\n<p>0:00<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>  <\/p>\n<p> <span id=\"tts-tooltip\">Learn more.<\/span> <span> This feature uses an automated voice, which may result in occasional errors in pronunciation, tone, or sentiment. <\/span> <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"single-article__cover-wrap\">\n<figure class=\"single-article__cover\"> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital.jpg?resize=640%2C427&ssl=1\" class=\"single-article__cover-image wp-post-image\" alt decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital-2.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital-2.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital-2.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, 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https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital-2.jpg?resize=1264,843 1264w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1012px) 100vw, 1012px\"><figcaption> Bruce Yuanyue Bi\/Getty Images <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"single-article__content\">\n<div class=\"single-article__content-inner has-drop-cap\"> <html readability=\"67.325165562914\"><body readability=\"138.43838862559\"><\/p>\n<p>A divisive United Nations cybercrime treaty \u2014 one that critics say is a huge danger to human rights and that the United States cautiously agreed to advance \u2014 is now in the hands of member nations.<\/p>\n<p>The U.N. General Assembly <a href=\"https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2024\/12\/1158521\">adopted the treaty without a vote<\/a> last week, leaving ratification to individual states. If the past is any precedent, it could be years before some countries act on it, if they do at all. For it to enter into force, 40 nations must ratify the treaty.<\/p>\n<p>Ratification could be very difficult in the United States in particular, with a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate required as well as the approval of an incoming president who has been wary of international agreements. And the U.S. Mission to the United Nations has already signaled that future support of the treaty will hinge on how signatories implement it regarding human rights and legal protections.<\/p>\n<p>Broadly, the new Convention on Cybercrime is focused on \u201ccountering the use of information and communications technologies for criminal purposes,\u201d ranging from human trafficking to money laundering. Its stated goal is to create a legal framework for international cooperation on those crimes, such as for evidence sharing.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Nations will have some degree of leeway on how to implement it \u2014 a situation that leaves critics worried but that some see as an opportunity to improve upon the written text.<\/p>\n<p>It took the United States five years to ratify an earlier cybercrime treaty, the Budapest Convention. Six Democratic senators <a href=\"https:\/\/www.markey.senate.gov\/news\/press-releases\/markey-wyden-merkley-kaine-van-hollen-and-booker-warn-un-cyber-convention-could-justify-spying-and-censorship-by-china-russia-and-other-authoritarian-regimes\">criticized the new treaty<\/a> in an October letter to the Biden administration.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere are a lot of member states that have really poor track records on human rights and have national laws that don\u2019t protect privacy, they criminalize free speech, they criminalize gender expression,\u201d Karen Gullo, an analyst at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, told CyberScoop. \u201cThis treaty doesn\u2019t do anything to compel them to do anything different in terms of protecting people\u2019s rights. Some countries have been using cybercrime laws to target journalists, dissidents, [and] human rights defenders.<\/p>\n<p>Gullo continued: \u201cWe\u2019re advocating that states not ratify it until they are able to address where we think there are flaws, like human rights protections, the scope, which crimes does it apply to. There are opportunities to involve civil society and give careful consideration about how to implement this.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Christopher Painter, the former cyber coordinator at the State Department and now a member of the board of the Global Forum on Cyber Expertise, said that while many of the criticisms of the treaty are earned, it does offer some benefits. It should help international enforcement efforts and give countries \u201cmore uniform, substantive laws and procedures around the world,\u201d he told CyberScoop. Furthermore, the treaty could prompt nations to build up their capacity to conduct investigations, he said.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Russia, which originally proposed the treaty, also saw some of its more onerous ideas mitigated during negotiations, Painter said.<\/p>\n<p>One of the treaty\u2019s most noteworthy provisions is to require cooperation between states on \u201ccollecting, obtaining, preserving and sharing of evidence in electronic form of any serious crime.\u201d That\u2019s accompanied by a worrisome definition, wrote David Kaye, law professor at the University of California Irvine and former U.N. special rapporteur on freedom of opinion and expression.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo what is \u2018serious crime?\u2019 The Convention defines the term as \u2018conduct constituting an offence punishable by a maximum deprivation of liberty of at least four years or a more serious penalty,\u2019\u201d he said in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techdirt.com\/2024\/12\/16\/un-cybercrime-treaty-a-trojan-horse-for-transnational-repression\/\">a recent TechDirt essay<\/a>. \u201cThat\u2019s it. It is a phrase that refers only to the extent of the penalty.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Thus, in Russia, since it would be a serious crime to defame the military because it\u2019s punishable by up to 15 years of prison, it would potentially require international cooperation.<\/p>\n<p>Another section of the treaty holds that \u201cStates Parties shall ensure that the implementation of their obligations under this Convention is consistent with their obligations under international human rights law,\u201d and \u201cNothing in this Convention shall be interpreted as permitting suppression of human rights or fundamental freedoms, including the rights related to the freedoms of expression, conscience, opinion, religion or belief, peaceful assembly and association, in accordance and in a manner consistent with applicable international human rights law.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The United States Mission to the United Nations touted that provision as a significant defense against abuses.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAs a result of U.S. and other member states\u2019 engagement, we were able to enshrine these human rights and anti-discrimination protections in this Convention,\u201d Jonathan Shrier, U.S. deputy representative to the economic and social council, <a href=\"https:\/\/usun.usmission.gov\/explanation-of-position-of-the-united-states-on-the-adoption-of-the-resolution-on-the-un-convention-against-cybercrime-in-ungas-third-committee\/\">said last month<\/a>. \u201cWhether under this Convention or otherwise, the United States does not and will not execute requests made for the purpose of enabling human rights abuses, such as those that would impede freedom of expression, and will demand accountability for those who do not uphold this same commitment. In addition, for any Party to this Convention, executing such requests would be clearly inconsistent with the Convention\u2019s terms.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The United States and Europe will play a role in pressing other nations to implement their vision of the treaty, Painter noted.<\/p>\n<p>Shrier said: \u201cWe further call on all states to take necessary steps within their domestic legal systems to ensure the Convention will not be applied in a manner inconsistent with human rights obligations, including those relating to speech, political dissent, and sexual identity.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>UN Secretary-General Ant\u00f3nio Guterres welcomed the adoption of the treaty.<br \/>\u201cThis treaty is a demonstration of multilateralism succeeding during difficult times and reflects the collective will of Member States to promote international cooperation to prevent and combat cybercrime,\u201d his spokesperson, St\u00e9phanie Tremblay, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sg\/en\/content\/sg\/statement\/2024-12-24\/statement-attributable-the-spokesperson-for-the-secretary-general-the-adoption-of-the-united-nations-convention-against-cybercrime\">said in a statement<\/a>. \u201cThe Secretary-General trusts that the new treaty will promote a safe cyberspace and calls on all States to join the Convention and to implement it in cooperation with relevant stakeholders.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><\/body> <\/p>\n<footer class=\"single-article__footer\">\n<div class=\"author-card\" readability=\"7.7216117216117\">\n<div class=\"author-card__avatar\">\n<figure class=\"author-card__image-wrap\"> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"author-card__image\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital-1.jpg?w=640&ssl=1\" alt=\"Tim Starks\"> <\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"author-card__details\" readability=\"10.901098901099\">\n<h4 class=\"author-card__name\">Written by Tim Starks<\/h4>\n<p> Tim Starks is senior reporter at CyberScoop. 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{"id":6765,"date":"2024-12-31T12:04:52","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T18:04:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/?p=83012"},"modified":"2024-12-31T12:04:52","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T18:04:52","slug":"after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/index.php\/2024\/12\/31\/after-un-adoption-controversial-cybercrime-treatys-next-steps-could-prove-vital\/","title":{"rendered":"After UN adoption, controversial cybercrime treaty\u2019s next steps could prove vital"},"content":{"rendered":"