Researchers determine old vulnerabilities pose real-world threat to sensitive data in public clouds | CyberScoop<\/title> <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers exploited a seven-year-old CPU vulnerability\u2014\u201cL1TF Reloaded\u201d\u2014to leak data from public clouds like AWS and Google Cloud, proving that older, supposedly mitigated flaws pose real-world threats\"> <link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/cloud-security-l1tf-reloaded-public-cloud-vulnerability-exploit\/\"> <meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\"> <meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\"> <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Researchers determine old vulnerabilities pose real-world threat to sensitive data in public clouds\"> <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Researchers exploited a seven-year-old CPU vulnerability\u2014\u201cL1TF Reloaded\u201d\u2014to leak data from public clouds like AWS and Google Cloud, proving that older, supposedly mitigated flaws pose 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fill=\"currentColor\" \/><\/svg> <span class=\"visually-hidden\">Close<\/span> <\/button> <\/section>\n<article class=\"single-article content\">\n<div class=\"single-article__container js-single-article-content\">\n<header class=\"single-article__header \" readability=\"25.959314775161\">\n<div class=\"single-article__header-content\" readability=\"35.447552447552\">\n<p> The presentation Monday revises the old Spectre vulnerability in a new scenario, demonstrating there\u2019s not enough focus on the danger. <\/p>\n<p>  <br \/>\n<audio id=\"audio-player\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-tts-cdn.api.scpnewsgrp.com\/cyberscoop\/85536\/english.openai.mp3\"><\/audio> <\/p>\n<div readability=\"11\">\n<div>\n<p>Listen to this article<\/p>\n<p>  <\/p>\n<p>0:00<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>  <\/p>\n<p> <span id=\"tts-tooltip\">Learn more.<\/span> <span> This feature uses an automated voice, which may result in occasional errors in pronunciation, tone, or sentiment. <\/span> <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>  <\/div>\n<div class=\"single-article__cover-wrap\">\n<figure class=\"single-article__cover\"> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"640\" height=\"320\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/researchers-determine-old-vulnerabilities-pose-real-world-threat-to-sensitive-data-in-public-clouds.jpg?resize=640%2C320&ssl=1\" class=\"single-article__cover-image wp-post-image\" alt decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/researchers-determine-old-vulnerabilities-pose-real-world-threat-to-sensitive-data-in-public-clouds-2.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/researchers-determine-old-vulnerabilities-pose-real-world-threat-to-sensitive-data-in-public-clouds-2.jpg?resize=300,150 300w, 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https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/researchers-determine-old-vulnerabilities-pose-real-world-threat-to-sensitive-data-in-public-clouds-2.jpg?resize=1500,750 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\"><figcaption> BlackJack3D, iStock\/Getty Images Plus <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"single-article__content\">\n<div class=\"single-article__content-inner has-drop-cap\"> <html readability=\"39.339772426568\"><body readability=\"81.440451440451\"><\/p>\n<p>Using a seven-year-old vulnerability, researchers said they were able to realistically leak private data from public clouds, suggesting that a \u201clack of concern\u201d about such supposedly impractical attacks is misguided, according to a presentation delivered Monday.<\/p>\n<p>The anonymous researchers presented their findings at a hacker conference, <a href=\"https:\/\/why2025.org\/\">WHY2025<\/a>, in the Netherlands, and they leaned on the kind of \u201ctransient execution\u201d vulnerabilities that attracted attention in 2018 with high-profile Intel chip flaw revelations, one of which was known as <a href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/tag\/spectre\/\">Spectre<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGiven that today\u2019s clouds have large fleets of older CPUs that lack comprehensive, in-silicon fixes to a variety of transient execution vulnerabilities, the question arises whether sufficient software-based defenses have been deployed to stop realistic attacks \u2014 especially those using older, supposedly mitigated vulnerabilities,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=4tDNvQe2G0\">they wrote<\/a>. The answer to that question is \u201cno,\u201d they concluded. \u201cWe show that the practice of mitigating vulnerabilities in isolation, without removing the root cause, leaves systems vulnerable.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/openreview.net\/pdf?id=4tDNvQe2G0\">The findings<\/a> demonstrate that \u201cmore than a theoretical possibility, this is a real-world threat in popular clouds,\u201d they explained, unlike the Spectre vulnerability that hasn\u2019t had much real-world applicability. <\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cFor regular users, these CPU vulnerabilities are likely not that much of a threat,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/program.why2025.org\/why2025\/talk\/DG7VSX\/\">the researchers said<\/a>. \u201cHowever, that is not the case for public cloud providers. Their business model is to provide <em>remote code execution as a service <\/em>[emphasis theirs], and to rent out shared hardware resources as efficiently as possible.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The researchers said they worked within dedicated host systems of Google Cloud and Amazon Web Services to avoid any actual harm. AWS was able to restrict leakage to non-sensitive host data. Google paid a more than $150,000 bounty, the highest its cloud vulnerability reward program has ever doled out.<\/p>\n<p>Both companies have patched the exploit and plan future security steps.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur conclusion is not that AWS\u2019s and Google\u2019s security was lacking, but that they are actively stimulating security improvements,\u201d the researchers said.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers dubbed the attack \u201cL1TF Reloaded,\u201d after another <a href=\"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/foreshadow-intel-chips-sgx\/\">2018 Intel chip data-stealing vulnerability<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ad ad--inline_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/blogs\/security\/ec2-defenses-against-l1tf-reloaded\/\">a blog post<\/a>, Amazon \u2014 which noted that it sponsored a portion of the work \u2014 said the research was \u201cimpressive\u201d but that the L1TF Reloaded vulnerability does not impact the guest data of AWS customers running on the AWS Nitro System or Nitro Hypervisor.<\/p>\n<p>A Google spokesperson pointed to <a href=\"https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/compute\/docs\/security-bulletins#gcp-2025-042\">a security bulletin the company<\/a> issued.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen this vulnerability was initially discovered, Google immediately implemented mitigations to address the known risks. Since then, we have collaborated with security researchers from academia to assess the current state of CPU security mitigations, and new attack techniques,\u201d the spokesperson said. \u201cWe applied new fixes to the affected assets, including Google Cloud, to mitigate the issue.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>While such vulnerabilities have previously caused little concern, the researchers wrote that \u201cwe question this lack of concern and show not only that practical attacks on modern clouds are possible, but that they are possible with vulnerabilities we considered mitigated 7 years ago.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><\/body> <\/p>\n<footer class=\"single-article__footer\">\n<div class=\"author-card\" readability=\"7.7216117216117\">\n<div class=\"author-card__avatar\">\n<figure class=\"author-card__image-wrap\"> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"author-card__image\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/ddi.mohflo.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/researchers-determine-old-vulnerabilities-pose-real-world-threat-to-sensitive-data-in-public-clouds-1.jpg?w=640&ssl=1\" alt=\"Tim Starks\"> <\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"author-card__details\" readability=\"10.901098901099\">\n<h4 class=\"author-card__name\">Written by Tim Starks<\/h4>\n<p> Tim Starks is senior reporter at CyberScoop. His previous stops include working at The Washington Post, POLITICO and Congressional Quarterly. An Evansville, Ind. native, he’s covered cybersecurity since 2003. Email Tim here: <a href=\"mailto:tim.starks@cyberscoop.com\">tim.starks@cyberscoop.com<\/a>. <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"single-article__tags-container\">\n<h4 class=\"single-article__tags-title\">In This Story<\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/footer>\n<p> <\/html><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"single-article__ads js-single-article-sidebar\">\n<div class=\"ad ad--sidebar js-single-article-sidebar-5 ad--rightrail_1 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ad ad--sidebar js-single-article-sidebar-4 ad--rightrail_2 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ad ad--sidebar js-single-article-sidebar-3 ad--rightrail_3 \">\n<div class=\"ad__inner\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Advertisement<\/span> <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<div class=\"popular-stories popular-stories--single-post\">\n<div 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{"id":7886,"date":"2025-08-11T15:47:41","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T20:47:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cyberscoop.com\/?p=85536"},"modified":"2025-08-11T15:47:41","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T20:47:41","slug":"researchers-determine-old-vulnerabilities-pose-real-world-threat-to-sensitive-data-in-public-clouds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ddi.mohflo.net\/index.php\/2025\/08\/11\/researchers-determine-old-vulnerabilities-pose-real-world-threat-to-sensitive-data-in-public-clouds\/","title":{"rendered":"Researchers determine old vulnerabilities pose real-world threat to sensitive data in public clouds"},"content":{"rendered":"